Fotografía y emigración. Photo and migration
Las fotografías de la emigración, aquellas que enviaban a sus casas los emigrantes, son una referencia fija en muchas colecciones de fotografía antigua.
Las fuentes documentales, unas específicas de fotografía otras que incluyen capítulos sobre la misma,son muy abundantes. En realidad si hacemos una búsqueda con tiempo es muy posible que en cualquier comunidad autónoma exista un documento, dossier, artículo o tesis que estudie el tema.
Aquí presento algunos documentos sabiendo que existen muchos más.
La
emigración constituye un poderoso movimiento que recorre de manera
decisiva la historia de España desde el siglo XIX. Aún hoy, cuando ya
nos hemos convertido en uno de los países preferentes en el destino de
los flujos migratorios, en torno al millón y medio de ciudadanos
españoles siguen residiendo fuera de nuestras fronteras, aunando a un
mismo tiempo la vieja emigración y las tendencias más recientes que
dibujan un perfil distinto, la nueva emigración, en el inicio del siglo
XXI. Constituye, por ello, un fenómeno de indudable alcance histórico y
social que ha dejado su impronta, y ciertamente de modo muy
sobresaliente, en el rostro que hoy presenta la moderna sociedad
española
METODOLOGÍA, CONCEPTUALIZACIÓN Y CRÍTICA EN LA HISTORIA DE LA EMIGRACIÓN VASCA A URUGUAY
(SIGLOS XIX-XX)
Es innegable que la expansión y popularización de la fotografía coincide en el tiempo con el “boom” europeo de la emigración hacia América. De hecho, el tema de la emigración es uno de los ámbitos en que la fotografía juega un papel más importante, por un lado, porque sirve para enviar a los emigrantes pruebas irrefutables de lo que cuentan los parientes que permanecen en la tierra de origen (imágenes de la guerra, de cambios en la posguerra...), y por otra, es un medio muy utilizado por aquellos primeros emigrantes para demostrar a sus familiares la situación de bonanza económica que han llegado a adquirir
Memorias de la inmigración. Historias de vida de los inmigrantes europeos en el Chaco a través de sus fotografías
El trabajo presenta
los resultados preliminares de una investigación en curso, centrada en
el estudio de las memorias visuales de la inmigración al Chaco entre
fines del siglo XIX y el siglo XX. En particular, se estudian las
historias de vida de los inmigrantes a través de sus fotografías.
EL ARCHIVO DIGITALIZADO DE “CARTA DE ESPAÑA”
En el presente “Archivo Digitalizado” se recoge todo el material fotográfico publicado en la Revista “Carta de España” durante sus 50 años de existencia. Esta revista, editada por la Secretaría de Estado de Inmigración y Emigración del Ministerio de Trabajo, inició su tirada en el mes de enero de 1960 con el propósito inicial de mantener vinculados a los emigrantes españoles dispersos en el mundo, con las raíces de su Patria o, dicho en otras palabras, aprovechar la tesitura y ejercer un control prácticamente imperceptible sobre los mismos.
- Exposiciones temáticas en museos autonómicos. Museo del
| Colección de fotografías "Imágenes de la Emigración" Tomo IV |
| Este catálogo, que constituye el cuarto tomo de la colección general de fotografías del CDM, pretende ser un instrumento que refleje las distintas actividades desarrolladas por el Centro de Documentación de las Migraciones y por su antecesor Centro de Documentación de la Emigración Española |
- Mi gran aventura.La España que emigró a América.Portal, memoria de emigrantes
Amplio documento con testimonios de emigrantes
en diferentes países.
Más centrado en datos estadísticos y demográficos.
Este trabajo ofrece una muestra de las colecciones
fotográficas que forman parte del Museo de la
Vallée en Barcelonnette, Francia,
las cuales documentan las actividades e
intereses de los migrantes del lugar y sus
descendientesque dejaron una huella
importante en la historia social y económica
del siglo xix y xx en México
Casas de indianos. Galicia.
Oportuno es recordar las amplias y admirativas miradas de los niños de las aldeas y parroquias, hace ya bastantes años, cuando tenían ante sus ojos la figura del “indiano”, muy frecuentemente
“cubano” o “habanero”, que despertaba ensoñaciones y deseos que llegada la juventud impulsaban a la decisión del embarque. Era un atractivo superficial el que ejercían, algunos con ostentación
y otros con sencillez, del que los admiradores obtenían una elemental lección. Pero, en las encrucijadas de los caminos, en las tabernas del lugar, en los atrios de las iglesias, se mantenían y
escuchaban conversaciones en torno a la vida que
“allá” se hacía y sobre lo que algunos habían conseguido.
Y los mayores preguntaban y comentaban, llegando a comprender que la “saudade” y la solidaridad estaban muy unidas.
Los aragoneses en America. Siglos XIX y XX. La emigración Unizar
LA OLIGARQUÍA INDIANA, ASTURIAS-CUBA : OPINIÓNPÚBLICA Y PROPAGANDA (1898-1899) Tesis
doctoral
La Gesta de los indianos
Archivo de Indianos Asturias
Terminada la Guerra de Cuba comenzaron a llegar a todos los pueblos de Asturias los soldados repatriados, pálidos y desfallecidos por las penalidades de la guerra y del clima tropical. Pero al mismo tiempo regresaban otros convecinos suyos, o descendientes de ellos, que habían hecho también la guerra, reclutados oficalmente unos y voluntarios otros, quienes por ser residentes de la Isla y tener allí sus hogares bien acomodados, se habían restablecido ya. Por su porte y aspecto contrastaban mucho con los soldados repatriados pues ellos iban bien vestidos, luciendo gruesas cadenas de reloj y sortijas de oro, flamantes jipijapas y fumando grandes habanos. Eran los indianos ricos.
Digitalización de documentos indianos y su difusión en el Portal de Archivos Españoles, PARES
Casas de indianos. Galicia.
Oportuno es recordar las amplias y admirativas miradas de los niños de las aldeas y parroquias, hace ya bastantes años, cuando tenían ante sus ojos la figura del “indiano”, muy frecuentemente
“cubano” o “habanero”, que despertaba ensoñaciones y deseos que llegada la juventud impulsaban a la decisión del embarque. Era un atractivo superficial el que ejercían, algunos con ostentación
y otros con sencillez, del que los admiradores obtenían una elemental lección. Pero, en las encrucijadas de los caminos, en las tabernas del lugar, en los atrios de las iglesias, se mantenían y
escuchaban conversaciones en torno a la vida que
“allá” se hacía y sobre lo que algunos habían conseguido.
Y los mayores preguntaban y comentaban, llegando a comprender que la “saudade” y la solidaridad estaban muy unidas.
Los aragoneses en America. Siglos XIX y XX. La emigración Unizar
LA OLIGARQUÍA INDIANA, ASTURIAS-CUBA : OPINIÓNPÚBLICA Y PROPAGANDA (1898-1899) Tesis
doctoral
AMPLIO RESUMEN
Durante
los siglos XIX y a principios del XX, se produjo en toda
Europa una gran corriente migratoria hacia territorios de
ultramar, con especial incidencia en España. No
existe
una certeza absoluta sobre el número de aquellos que
partieron a “hacer las Américas”, pero entre 1880 y 1930
podrían
rondar alrededor de los tres millones y medio de personas
De entre todas las regiones españolas, destacan en este fenómeno
Galicia
y Asturias. El principal país receptor del siglo XIX es Cuba.
A los emigrantes q ue lograron hacer fortuna se les denominó
“indianos”. El fenómeno indiano no fue una gesta gloriosa, sino
un drama para muchos jóvenes que no vieron otra salida más que la emigración. Se asocia el término “indiano” con riqueza, pero
sólo una minoría alcanzóel triunfo, una gran mayoría fracaso en
dicho intento. A esa minoría la denominamos:oligarquía indiana
La Gesta de los indianos
Archivo de Indianos Asturias
Terminada la Guerra de Cuba comenzaron a llegar a todos los pueblos de Asturias los soldados repatriados, pálidos y desfallecidos por las penalidades de la guerra y del clima tropical. Pero al mismo tiempo regresaban otros convecinos suyos, o descendientes de ellos, que habían hecho también la guerra, reclutados oficalmente unos y voluntarios otros, quienes por ser residentes de la Isla y tener allí sus hogares bien acomodados, se habían restablecido ya. Por su porte y aspecto contrastaban mucho con los soldados repatriados pues ellos iban bien vestidos, luciendo gruesas cadenas de reloj y sortijas de oro, flamantes jipijapas y fumando grandes habanos. Eran los indianos ricos.
Digitalización de documentos indianos y su difusión en el Portal de Archivos Españoles, PARES
Por supuesto es imprescindible recordar las fotos de
la FSA que, técnicamente no son de emigración pero que pienso, como si lo fueran.....
The photographs in the Farm Security Administration - Office of
War Information Photograph Collection form an extensive pictorial
record of American life between 1935 and 1944. This U.S. government
photography project was headed for most of its existence by Roy
E. Stryker, who guided the effort in a succession of government
agencies: the Resettlement Administration (1935-1937), the Farm
Security Administration (1937-1942), and the Office of War
Information (1942-1944). The collection also includes photographs
acquired from other governmental and non-governmental sources,
including the News Bureau at the Offices of Emergency Management
(OEM), various branches of the military, and industrial corporations.
En (google translate)
Photographs of emigration, those who sent their homes migrants are fixed in many collections of old photograph reference.
The, specific photographic others include chapters on it, documentary sources are abundant. Actually if we do a time search is very possible that a document, dossier, article or thesis to study the issue exists in any autonomous region.
Here I present some documents knowing that there are many more.
Graphics memory of Spanish emigration
Migration is a powerful movement that runs decisively the history of Spain since the nineteenth century. Even today, when we have become one of the preferred countries in the destination of migratory flows, around half million Spanish citizens continue to reside outside our borders, combining at the same time the old emigration and trends more Recent Drawing a different profile, the new emigration, at the beginning of the century. It is therefore a phenomenon of undoubted historical and social significance that has left its mark, and certainly very remarkable way, in the face today presents modern Spanish society
Migrants occupied in America nearly all the plots of economic activity (colonato, agriculture, commerce and small industry): Andalusian in Brazil, in Cuba Asturian mountaineers in Mexico, Mallorca in Puerto Rico, Rio Gallegos in the Plata.En Buenos Aires worked in shops, haberdashery, cafes, bazaars and inns before becoming grocers. In Montevideo they exerted of small and medium entrepreneurs beverage factories, garment, leather, furniture and household items. In Brazil they worked as laborers in agriculture, railways and rubber cultivation or were employed as domestic servants and street vendors; in Cuba, the Canarian planted and harvested the coffee and cocoa, and women were "handlers" (nannies) mostly.
PHOTOGRAPHY AS A SOURCE FOR THE ANALYSIS migration. Euskadi-Uruguay
METHODOLOGY AND CRITICISM CONCEPT IN THE HISTORY OF MIGRATION TO BASQUE URUGUAY
(XIX-XX)
It is undeniable that the expansion and popularization of photography coincides with the "boom" of European emigration to America. In fact, the issue of migration is one of the areas in which photography plays a more important role on the one hand, it serves to send migrants irrefutable evidence of what they have relatives who remain in the homeland ( images of war, changes in the postwar ...), and on the other, is a medium widely used by those early immigrants to show their families the economic boom that has come to acquire
Memories of immigration. Life stories of European immigrants in the Chaco through your photos
The paper presents the preliminary results of an ongoing investigation, focused on the study of visual memories of immigration to Chaco between late nineteenth and twentieth century. In particular, the life stories of immigrants through their photographs are studied.FILE digitized "LETTER OF SPAIN"In this "File Digitized" all photographic material published in the magazine "Letter of Spain" during its 50 years of existence is gathered. This magazine, published by the Secretariat of State for Immigration and Emigration, Ministry of Labour, began its circulation in January 1960 with the initial purpose of keeping linked to Spanish emigrants scattered around the world, withthe roots of his homeland Or, in other words, make the tessitura and virtually imperceptible exercise control over them.
Graphics memory of the Spanish emigration, UNED online. RTVE.
The emigration of Castile and Leon in the framework of the
Spanish migrations
Thematic exhibitions in regional museums. Museum
People of Asturias. Photography and emigration
Asturian in America (1840-1940). Photography andemigration Book
Foundation on May 1:
Photo Collection "Images of Emigration" Volume IV
This catalog, which is the fourth volume of the general collection of photographs of the CDM, intended as an instrument that reflects the different activities of the Documentation Centre for Migration and its predecessor Documentation Centre of the Spanish Emigration
My great aventura.La América.Portal who emigrated to Spain, memory migrants
Memories of the Spanish emigration to America.
Comprehensive document with testimonies of migrants
in different countries.
Spanish emigration to America: stories and lessons for the future
More focused on statistical and demographic data.
The family Fortoul-Gandoulfy photographic background
Museum Vallée in Barcelonnette, France
This paper provides a sample of the collections photo as part of the Museum Vallée in Barcelonnette, France, which document the activities and interests of migrants and their place descendientesque left a mark important social and economic history nineteenth and twentieth century in Mexico
Houses of Indians. Galicia.
Opportune to recall the large and admiring glances of children from villages and parishes, many years ago, when they had before their eyes the figure of the "Indian", very often"Cuban" or "Havana" waking dreams and desires which drove youth coming to the decision of the shipment. It was a superficial appeal which exerted some ostentatiouslyand others with simplicity, the fans got the elementary lesson But, at the crossroads of the roads, in the taverns of the place, in the courts of the churches, they were maintained and They are listening to conversations around the life "Beyond" is doing and what some had succeeded.And older asked and commented, coming to understand that the "saudade" and solidarity were very close.
The Aragonese in America. Nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The emigration Unizar
INDIANA oligarchy, ASTURIAS-CUBA: OPINIÓNPÚBLICA AND PROPAGANDA (1898-1899) Thesis
doctoral
Extensive Summary
During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Europe was in a great migratory flow towards territories
Overseas, with special emphasis on Spain. Do not
there is absolute certainty about the number of those who left to "do the Americas", but between 1880 and 1930 could
hover around three and a half million people
Of all the Spanish regions, highlighted in this phenomenon
Galicia and Asturias. The largest recipient country of the nineteenth century Cuba. A q ue migrants managed to make a fortune were called "Indians". The Indian phenomenon was not a glorious feat, but a tragedy for many young people who saw no alternative but emigration. the term "Indian" is associated with wealth, but only a minority alcanzóel triumph, a great majority in failure such an attempt. A minority that call: indiana oligarchy
The Gesta of the IndiansArchives of Indians AsturiasAfter the War of Cuba began to reach all villages of Asturias returnees, pale and emaciated by the hardships of war and soldiers of the tropical climate But at the same time they are returning his other neighbors, or their descendants, who had also made the war, and volunteers recruited oficales about others, who by being residents of the island and have there their well-off households, had already restored. By its size and appearance they contrasted much with soldiers repatriated because they were well dressed, wearing thick watch chains and rings of gold, gleaming Panama hat and smoking big cigars. Indians were rich.
Indians digitizing documents and their dissemination on the Portal of Spanish Archives, PAIROf course we must remember photoFSA that technically are not emigration but I think, as if they were
En (google translate)
Photographs of emigration, those who sent their homes migrants are fixed in many collections of old photograph reference.
The, specific photographic others include chapters on it, documentary sources are abundant. Actually if we do a time search is very possible that a document, dossier, article or thesis to study the issue exists in any autonomous region.
Here I present some documents knowing that there are many more.
Graphics memory of Spanish emigration
Migration is a powerful movement that runs decisively the history of Spain since the nineteenth century. Even today, when we have become one of the preferred countries in the destination of migratory flows, around half million Spanish citizens continue to reside outside our borders, combining at the same time the old emigration and trends more Recent Drawing a different profile, the new emigration, at the beginning of the century. It is therefore a phenomenon of undoubted historical and social significance that has left its mark, and certainly very remarkable way, in the face today presents modern Spanish society
Migrants occupied in America nearly all the plots of economic activity (colonato, agriculture, commerce and small industry): Andalusian in Brazil, in Cuba Asturian mountaineers in Mexico, Mallorca in Puerto Rico, Rio Gallegos in the Plata.En Buenos Aires worked in shops, haberdashery, cafes, bazaars and inns before becoming grocers. In Montevideo they exerted of small and medium entrepreneurs beverage factories, garment, leather, furniture and household items. In Brazil they worked as laborers in agriculture, railways and rubber cultivation or were employed as domestic servants and street vendors; in Cuba, the Canarian planted and harvested the coffee and cocoa, and women were "handlers" (nannies) mostly.
PHOTOGRAPHY AS A SOURCE FOR THE ANALYSIS migration. Euskadi-Uruguay
METHODOLOGY AND CRITICISM CONCEPT IN THE HISTORY OF MIGRATION TO BASQUE URUGUAY
(XIX-XX)
It is undeniable that the expansion and popularization of photography coincides with the "boom" of European emigration to America. In fact, the issue of migration is one of the areas in which photography plays a more important role on the one hand, it serves to send migrants irrefutable evidence of what they have relatives who remain in the homeland ( images of war, changes in the postwar ...), and on the other, is a medium widely used by those early immigrants to show their families the economic boom that has come to acquire
Memories of immigration. Life stories of European immigrants in the Chaco through your photos
The paper presents the preliminary results of an ongoing investigation, focused on the study of visual memories of immigration to Chaco between late nineteenth and twentieth century. In particular, the life stories of immigrants through their photographs are studied.FILE digitized "LETTER OF SPAIN"In this "File Digitized" all photographic material published in the magazine "Letter of Spain" during its 50 years of existence is gathered. This magazine, published by the Secretariat of State for Immigration and Emigration, Ministry of Labour, began its circulation in January 1960 with the initial purpose of keeping linked to Spanish emigrants scattered around the world, withthe roots of his homeland Or, in other words, make the tessitura and virtually imperceptible exercise control over them.
Graphics memory of the Spanish emigration, UNED online. RTVE.
The emigration of Castile and Leon in the framework of the
Spanish migrations
Thematic exhibitions in regional museums. Museum
People of Asturias. Photography and emigration
Asturian in America (1840-1940). Photography andemigration Book
Foundation on May 1:
Photo Collection "Images of Emigration" Volume IV
This catalog, which is the fourth volume of the general collection of photographs of the CDM, intended as an instrument that reflects the different activities of the Documentation Centre for Migration and its predecessor Documentation Centre of the Spanish Emigration
My great aventura.La América.Portal who emigrated to Spain, memory migrants
Memories of the Spanish emigration to America.
Comprehensive document with testimonies of migrants
in different countries.
Spanish emigration to America: stories and lessons for the future
More focused on statistical and demographic data.
The family Fortoul-Gandoulfy photographic background
Museum Vallée in Barcelonnette, France
This paper provides a sample of the collections photo as part of the Museum Vallée in Barcelonnette, France, which document the activities and interests of migrants and their place descendientesque left a mark important social and economic history nineteenth and twentieth century in Mexico
Houses of Indians. Galicia.
Opportune to recall the large and admiring glances of children from villages and parishes, many years ago, when they had before their eyes the figure of the "Indian", very often"Cuban" or "Havana" waking dreams and desires which drove youth coming to the decision of the shipment. It was a superficial appeal which exerted some ostentatiouslyand others with simplicity, the fans got the elementary lesson But, at the crossroads of the roads, in the taverns of the place, in the courts of the churches, they were maintained and They are listening to conversations around the life "Beyond" is doing and what some had succeeded.And older asked and commented, coming to understand that the "saudade" and solidarity were very close.
The Aragonese in America. Nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The emigration Unizar
INDIANA oligarchy, ASTURIAS-CUBA: OPINIÓNPÚBLICA AND PROPAGANDA (1898-1899) Thesis
doctoral
Extensive Summary
During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Europe was in a great migratory flow towards territories
Overseas, with special emphasis on Spain. Do not
there is absolute certainty about the number of those who left to "do the Americas", but between 1880 and 1930 could
hover around three and a half million people
Of all the Spanish regions, highlighted in this phenomenon
Galicia and Asturias. The largest recipient country of the nineteenth century Cuba. A q ue migrants managed to make a fortune were called "Indians". The Indian phenomenon was not a glorious feat, but a tragedy for many young people who saw no alternative but emigration. the term "Indian" is associated with wealth, but only a minority alcanzóel triumph, a great majority in failure such an attempt. A minority that call: indiana oligarchy
The Gesta of the IndiansArchives of Indians AsturiasAfter the War of Cuba began to reach all villages of Asturias returnees, pale and emaciated by the hardships of war and soldiers of the tropical climate But at the same time they are returning his other neighbors, or their descendants, who had also made the war, and volunteers recruited oficales about others, who by being residents of the island and have there their well-off households, had already restored. By its size and appearance they contrasted much with soldiers repatriated because they were well dressed, wearing thick watch chains and rings of gold, gleaming Panama hat and smoking big cigars. Indians were rich.
Indians digitizing documents and their dissemination on the Portal of Spanish Archives, PAIROf course we must remember photoFSA that technically are not emigration but I think, as if they were